Computers and Sociology

In Liberal Arts Computers and Sociology Sociologists study social orders and social personal conduct standards through an investigation of social, political, strict and monetary gatherings. Humanist examination society joining both hypothetical and useful techniques. com/human science test 3-sections 6-8/>Sociology Is based around four significant parts: social, social, physical, and segment. How Individuals structure social gatherings and the methods for how they create Is an Intricate determinant for a humanist's decisions. Sociologists spend significant time in different territories including relational intricacies, race and ethnicity, war and insurgency, sexual orientation jobs, economics and much more.Sociologists are equipped to be interested and perceptive. Continuously worried about watching, investigating, characterizing, testing, and clarifying human conduct. There is no zone of current life where a sociological point of view is of no worth. From showcasing to business t o criminology to medlclne to government, the exploration gave by humanist improves deals, expands creation, shape social strategies, resolve socials treachery and advances political stages. Measurements and PCs are a key part to crafted by a sociologist.Strong diagnostic abilities, information gathering, review strategies and PC procedures are the establishment of ociology. In todays time of PC extension Is neither individual nor thing left unaffected by PCs. PCs are utilizing in pretty much every field of work and part of life. Since the 1980's after PCs were for the most part utilizing for fighting help, PCs are utilized every day. Regardless of whether it is at home, school, or the working environment PCs and the innovation, which it achieved, is ordinarily utilized everywhere throughout the world.The influence PCs have had on society has been incomprehensible, with numerous points of interest and scarcely any drawbacks. In the past the main route for significant distance corresp ondence was through he letter framework. Presently we despite everything utilize the letter framework yet the speed of the Internet Is not even close to sensible examination. Like society, correspondence has been substantially more effective and ingenious. Data gathering is presently a straightforward assignment. Though before an individual would need to do arduous looking through books and chronicles, presently data about fundamentally anything can be found at the snap of a button.Business has likewise benefitted significantly by the development of PCs. The specialized productivity of PCs has organized another business showcase that has profited corporate pioneers right down to buyers. The standard instruction and the way of life have expanded. Errand, for example, shopping, booking passes for shows or carriers, checking ledgers, and so forth can all done on the web. Life is presently organized around persuade. Criminal records presently are likewise discovered on the web, no data is left inaccessible. These days essential necessities for most Jobs are information on PCs and how utilize different sorts of software.Computers are separated of everybody's lives whether they want It or not. Society Is made to De Torever advancing ana individuals, Duslness, polltlcs, even rellglon nave ana will ontinue to adjust to this helpful and effective way of life. PCs and innovation has become a vital piece of our lives. The requirement for consistent correspondence and data is obvious. Innovation arrives in a copious measure of structures from the work area, PC, tablet, advanced cell thus significantly more. Society has made each individual and thing is made accessible.This enormous mechanical blast is influencing each culture. It is definitely changing the manners by which individuals live their lives. Individuals are effectively associated by state-to-state nation to-nation, etc. Thoughts and data are spread quicker and further han ever previously. At long last the progr essions in correspondence innovation has at last brought societies closer everywhere throughout the world. For some individuals in the workforce PCs have had a staggering impact as a result of the radical changes brought upon them; including changes to their work routine and structure.Employees today are in a data unrest. There is a finished change in the manner work is finished. Which means past required abilities are bygone and new developed mechanical aptitudes are required. For some, these progressions must realize dread and obstruction. The impact of the Internet on work has likewise affected society. Starling said something regarding the issues expressing that, â€Å"They for the most part point to a redistribution of work (and the cash that accompanies it) out of set up focuses, for example, Western urban communities, and into progressively remote areas.Teleworkers can work in profound open country, past the scope of suburbanites. Global server farms can be set in any nation with an acceptable instruction framework. The ‘net' impact is most likely a decent one, redistributing riches out of gathered hotspots in urban areas of the west and into the world on the loose. (Starling) Starlings see is one that is sure on the tremendous impacts of PCs and the universe of globalization pushing promoting through ‘cyberspace' as a device for making world market openings in less fortunate countries.Gabey corresponds with his concept of the blast of â€Å"e-commerce† and its overall notoriety, â€Å"At the hour of composing, at regular intervals a further eleven associations set up an Internet nearness accordingly connecting the to the world's best, extensively spread correspondences organize †the World Wide Web. BY 2023, overall in excess of 4 billion individuals will ride he Web, from ‘Teeny Techies' (matured 6-16) to ‘Silver Surfers' (matured 50+). (Gabey) Through the advantages of PCs and abundant there are still some negativ e symptoms on society.Society is not, at this point intrigued by a typical prosperity however a greater amount of their lives and own issues. The methods of harmony and the soul of cooperating with each other are not, at this point obvious. The manners by which our childhood are growing up has radically changed. No longer do kids invest their free energy playing with each other or understanding books or conversing with their relatives. The attention is on a screen or glorifying some new device. Up close and personal associations between individuals have been impressively diminished. The significance of spreading social qualities has been reduced.Computers have definitely influenced society to the point that the whole structure of society and a few societies have changed. Starling states that, â€Å"We get to the Internet as people, seldom gatherings. We work alone and engage ourselves alone. We compose messages and talk less on the phone †an alternate social connection preferr ing various aptitudes. The Internet is transforming us as people, not Just soclety. † (Starllng) We have adjusted and changed parts of our language to suit new age erminology with another vocabulary.Words like boot up, on the web, transfer, download, ‘cloud, email, and different abbreviations, for example, MAC, PC, www, . com, @, and so forth have worked its way into our language. Society has even made new behavior in correspondence. Regardless of whether to improve things or more terrible PCs have influentially affected the primary sociological organizations of instruction, economy, and family life. The impacts of PC and the innovation it had brought fourth won't be here for long. That is on the grounds that the world is always developing and adjusting and soon society will adapt to more up to date innovations.We can't foresee progress or what will be of our general public and culture later on yet we should acknowledge that, positive or negative, in light of the fact th at the world hold a million and one additional opportunities.

Out line(Joy kogowa Okawoga) Essay Thesis Example For Students

Out line(Joy kogowa Okawoga) Essay Thesis Introduction The time of world War II, was not just a period in which individuals lost their lives on account of war, however it was likewise a period in which segregation of different races happened. One of which were the Japanese Canadians; this individuals were mercilessly detracted from their homes and moved to interment camps. This was done due to a dread that Japanese Canadians would official an unexpected assault on A canadian area, similar to Japanese in Pearl Harbor. Happiness Kogawas Obasan is a novel expounded on the experience Japanese Canadians looked all through their excursion to internment camp; from the viewpoint of a young lady. From the clear symbolism and exceptional structure of the novel, Joy shows both the negative and positive parts of her excursion to the obscure camp.P#1Sub proposal.. Having been detracted from home, put in car loaded with individuals, and not know where she was going to wind up; bliss experiences a negative period in her life. Model #1 an overlanden with sobbing Negative understanding of venturing out from home Example #2the dark residue jumps and settles like creepy crawlies The YUCKY!! Picture that everybody is canvassed in Carbon squander. This is negative since they didnt have the fundamentals like water and cleanser to wash themselves. Unexpected frailty Example#3I can scarcely hear its high consistent cry in the clackity clak and hot murmur of the train This model shows how upsetting the ride was. The noisy clamors, felines crying, Example #4P#2Sub Thesis.. Dubious of what is in store from her excursion to the camp, Joy keeps up an uplifting mentality. Model #1 Example #2 Example #3 Example #4Conclusion:

The Absolute Guide on How to Write a Resignation Letter

The Absolute Guide on How to Write a Resignation Letter In the employment journey, the employee has to write the resignation letter. But most of the employees dont know how to write a resignation letter. In this blog, we are going to share with you everything about the resignation letter:- Meaning of Resignation Letter Summary Meaning of Resignation LetterWhat to write in a Resignation LetterHow to write a resignation letterDos and DontsDos-Donts-Resignation Letter FormatFirst ParagraphMiddle ParagraphFinal ParagraphSample for Formal Resignation LetterConclusion The resignation letter is an authorized letter sent by an employee to their employer of giving notice. That they will no longer be able to work in their organization or business. The main objective of a letter of resignation is to maintain an authorized record of notice, details, as well as about the employees working period and any other information. It can be said an official letter of quitting. It shows your intentions of leaving a company and making a resignation for it. What to write in a Resignation Letter A resignation letter should contain the following facts: A statement with a reason for leaving your jobThe name of your official staff positionThe name of your departmentA highlight of your working periodGreatness to your employers for hiring you in the companyWell wishes to your companys future workYour contact info How to write a resignation letter A resignation letter is written for leaving any company/business/organization in which you are currently working. The formatting of a resignation letter is formal. It should not be challenging or in a provoking manner. If you are having any personal issues with your company. Then you can deal with your manager personally instead of writing it in the resignation letter. The reason for resigning from the company should not be included in it because it can create conflict between you and the employer. Dos and Donts Some crucial facts are concerned with writing a resignation letter, so make sure you have written your resignation letter carefully and appropriately. Dos- Make it clear- A resignation letter is a final statement of you to the company, so make sure you use an explicit language and avoid all the complicated matters. Its always good to establish clarity in your relationship, whether it is professional or personal.Keep it positive- It should be written positively so that the employer would regret letting you go. Making it positive can eliminate the conflict between you two and can create a sense of respect.Provide a formal letter-The letter should be formally written; no personal arguments should be in the resignation letter.Offer to help at the time of Change-It can be very ethical if you offer to assist the other staff during the change. Donts- Talk about the new job-As you are leaving the company then it would be inappropriate to talk about your new job because there is no guarantee in it that your new job will work-out or not, so do not create a situation in which you wont be able to speak with your employers again.Reason for resigning- If you are leaving a job, then there must be any reason, maybe it can be a conflict with your Boss or any other personal problem. So its not the right time to speak about your intentions in the letter. Sample of a Formal Resignation Writing- There is an example of writing a formal resignation letter, which can help you to learn a practical approach for writing a resignation letter.` Resignation Letter Format The above resignation letter format will show you the manner of writing/style a resignation letter Contact infoFirst Last NameAddressCityMobile numberEmailDateTitleSalutationMr. / Ms. Sir/Maam First Paragraph Your letter should say that you are resigning from the company and state your position in the company. Middle Paragraph The next part of your resignation letter should state that you are thankful to your employer for providing you with the chance to work in the company.   Final Paragraph End-up your resignation letter with greatness by offering to help with the transition. Close-up Respectfully yours Signature Typed Signature Sample for Formal Resignation Letter The letter will show you an example to write a resignation letter Conclusion The whole study has shown you the method and ways of how to write a resignation letter. As we have indicated earlier, the letter consists of a formal way of writing. And should be stuck to the point. You should not add unnecessary things and concepts in the letter. We have shown you all the facts, methods, what to do, or what not do while writing a resignation letter. Apart from this, if you have any problems relating to the concept of writing a resignation letter, then please consult with us. Our experts who are having the skills of teaching you the facts relating to the resignation letter would be glad to share their expertise with you. Submit your requirements with us.

Biography of Nelson Mandela Essay - 833 Words

On the night of his electoral victory, following the first democratic election in South Africa after years of racist oligarchy, Nelson Mandela began his victory address in a conventional style: â€Å"My fellow South Africans – the people of South Africa† (Guardian 3 May 1994 cited in Billig 1997:97). He went on to describe the new South Africa , â€Å"the type of South Africa we can build†. From his message it was clear that the country he spoke of had a unique, identifiable and addressable people: â€Å"The speech appealed to ‘us’, the people, the country, the nation. South Africa is called the ‘Rainbow Nation’. This is because of its multicultural diversity, after different groups came here in previous centuries. We are called the Rainbow nation†¦show more content†¦Discourse and systems of representations construct places from which individuals can position themselves and from which they can speak (Woodward 1997: 36). It involves both the use of language, of signs and images which stand for or represent things (Hall1997: 15). Representation is the link between concepts and language which enables us to refer to either the real world of objects, people or events, or indeed to imaginary worlds of fictional objects, people and events (Hall 1997:17). When considering the ways in which the images and language actively construct meaning in Generations, it must be remembered that the programme does not operate in isolation. This means that there is already an existing set of assumptions, common-knowledge, ‘commonsense’, general knowledge, widespread beliefs and popular attitudes which both the producers and receivers of the programme possess before creating, and engaging respectively, in the text of Generations. Representation is also ideological because of the types of stereotypes created and the choices made as to which features and ways of understanding the social world to exclude or include (Briggs and Cobley 1998:279). The storys revolving around characters from different colour groups, very much fits into the ideals of a rainbow nation. The variety ofShow MoreRelatedNelson Mandela Biography659 Words   |  3 Pagesexcept for Nelson Mandela, who was sent to jail just for asking that his rights be given to him and his fellow blacks. He spent 27 years doing hard labor but still continued to fight for his rights until he became the president of South Africa. Recently, however, he passed away at the age of ninety-five. This is just a mere reason why I chose him and also to show the influence of paper, ink and some unjust facts in the world. On the 18th of July, 1918, Rolihlahla Mandela, later on called Nelson, was bornRead MoreBiography of Nelson Mandela Essays2224 Words   |  9 PagesNelson Mandela Nelson Mandela is recognized for his leadership as a peacemaker and for distinctive aspects of his peacemaking practices all throughout the world. He was the leader of one of the most incredible political transitions in human history. Mandela is known as one of the great moral and political leaders of our times; an international hero whose lifelong dedication to the fight against racial oppression in South Africa, won him the Nobel Peace Prize and the presidency of his country. Read MoreNelson Mandela Spiritual Biography2263 Words   |  10 PagesRunaway, Terrorist, Prisoner, Student, President, South African, Free Nelson Mandela challenged the status quo in many ways weather it was done politically, socially, or personally, in order to achieve such high goals Mandela paid many great personal expenses. Before the acts of Nelson Mandela, the country of South Africa was broken; it was plunged in a deep racism with the election in 1948. The regime of 1948 committed the crime of Apartheid which is defined as the action of committing inhumaneRead MoreBiography of Nelson Mandela1334 Words   |  6 PagesNelson Mandela Born and raised in South Africa. According to the Nelson Mandela Foundation, Rolihlahla Mandela was born in Mvezo, Transkei, on July 18,1918 to parents Nonqaphi Nosekeni and Nkosi Mphakanyiswa Galda Mandela. Rolihlahla Mandela was raised in a home with a family that always worked towards bettering the future. Mandela’s childhood was peaceful, he spent time on cattle herding and other rural pursuits. He was one of thirteen children, and had three older brothers all who were ofRead MoreBiography of Nelson Mandela 1355 Words   |  6 Pageslive in a way that responds and enhances the freedom of others† says Nelson Mandela. (cite) Mandela lived by these words and showed it in many ways. Nelson Mandela changed the world by ending apartheid, positively influencing others, and creating and supporting multiple charities. (add more information) Nelson Mandela was born on July 18, which is now known as Nelson Mandela day. By being the son of a tribal councilor, Mandela mastered the art of listening; this helped him become a successful leaderRead MoreNelson Mandela: A Brief Biography1090 Words   |  4 PagesNelson Mandela, born on July 18th, 1918 was born in South Africa. Later in his life he would become one of my influential people ever in African South African history. South Africa was ruled by the Britain and the Netherlands in the 17th century. The British empowerment resulted in the Netherlands establishing new colonies. There were two colonies that were established. Those colonies were Orange Free State and Transvaal. The Netherlands discovered that the area had a lot of wealth like diamondsRead MoreA Brief Biography of Nelson Mandela2188 Words   |  9 PagesNelson Mandela Born on July 18, 1918, in Mvezo, a village in the Transkei, Nelson Rolihlahla Mandela became a prominent figure in global politics until recent times. Nelson was born on July 18 under the name Rolihlahla Mandela, to parents Nonqaphi Nosekeni and Nkosi Mphakanyiswa Gadla Mandela. He began to attend school at the age of seven in Qunu. While here he was given the name Nelson by a teacher, and name that stuck with him forever. His father was royalty, and was the principal chancellorRead MoreA Brief Biography of Nelson Mandela693 Words   |  3 Pagesfew words to describe one of our world’s most iconic people, Nelson Mandela. He fought for freedom and against racial discrimination in his country of South Africa. Not only did Nelson Mandela change the world, he also inspired people to change the world too. He was just an average boy living in a small town in South Africa who became one of the world’s most iconic figures. Through challenges and hard times, he got through a nd today, Nelson Mandela’s story inspires people around the world to do somethingRead MoreA Brief Biography of Nelson Rolihlahla Mandela902 Words   |  4 Pages Nelson Rolihlahla Mandela was born on July 18, 1918, in Mveso, Transkei, South Africa. Nelson Mandela became actively involved in the anti-apartheid kineticism in his 20s, and then joined the African National Congress in 1942. He directed a campaign of placid, nonviolent disobedience against the South African regime and its racist policies. Nelson accommodated as President of South Africa from 1994 to 1999. NelsonMandela is one of the greatest moral and political leaders of our time. Nelson MandelasRead MoreA Very Brief Biography of Nelson Mandela1229 Words   |  5 Pagespowerful and praiseworthy Nelson Rolihlahla Mandela was born in Transkei, South Africa into the royal family of the Xhosa-speaking Thembu tribe. From an early age, Mandela demonstrated his passion for fighting for the rights of his people. He was greatly inspired by the stories he heard about his ancestors during their times of struggle. It is through determination and dedication that Mandela accomplished many of his goals including an end to apartheid. In fact, Mandela received a Nobel Peace Prize

Vernacular Architecture Identity Essay - 3577 Words

BAS250 Assignment 2 Add Rose Seidler House Icon Image How is identity shaped through our design, production and use of architecture? Theme - The idea of the vernacular - architecture as identity The search for a cogent Australian architectural idiom. The idea of the vernacular is strong in Australian architecture and is often defined in terms of the city and the bush . Central Questions: What is vernacular Architecture? Has there ever been and Australian architecture? Part 1. In search of a critical framework to define Australian Architectural Identity (Is this required?) Vernacular building is a typology which results from a direct response to regional context (Murphy 2011). While contemporary Australian architecture†¦show more content†¦Memmot (2007) explains how Indigenous building methods, based on semi-permanent structures utilized original styles, local materials and, like their culture. They were poetically wedded to the distinct sense of place for which this isolated continent is renowned. Indigenous architecture is pure vernacular (Memmot 2007). While this is respectfully acknowledged, this essay will examine the period after European settlement, during which Australian architecture has sourced the bulk of materials and styles internationally and has never been purely vernacular (Drew 2006). For example, while corrugated iron is seen as Australian it was produced in the steel mills in England and heavily used throughout Britain and the British Empire. Drew (2006) discusses how it is accepted that since 1788, Australian vernacu lar buildings have always contained a plethora of international influences - both stylistic and material - and were never truly original or unique in the same manner of Indigenous vernacular shelters. Consequently, the aim is to find architecture which possesses vernacular elements that overshadow the universal, international elements. To substantiate the arguments and isolate a period in Australia’s history, two case studies from the Mid 20th century will be examined – The Rose Seidler House (figure 2), by Harry Seidler and the Curry House 2 (figure 3), by Bruce Rickard. Figure 2: Sketch of Rose Seidler House (Dimarco 2017) Figure 3: Sketch of The Curry House 2Show MoreRelated Architecture, Power, and National Identity Essay examples2166 Words   |  9 PagesHaving a sense of belonging is one of several fundamental human needs and national identity refers to a person’s sense of belonging to one country with its history, values and traditions. Since achieving independence in 1957, the issue of Malaysia’s national identity has been in the spotlight due to its strong social, political and economical factors implication. As a multi-cultural country, the search for a national identity is not an easy undertaking as Malaysians consist of different ethnics such asRead MoreThe Impact Of The Environment On Regional Architecture1500 Words   |  6 PagesSurveying Regional Architecture June 21, 2015 The influence of the environment in Regional Architecture All through history, Architecture has assumed a critical parts in serving to characterize humankind s connection to its bigger environment. Architecture is not only a methods for giving asylum, but rather has worked as a built model for a bigger request, a moving vessel typifying the transient and cosmological comprehension of the world in which we live. Thusly, Architecture can possibly scaffoldRead MoreCan Critical Regionalism Counteract The Impact Of Globalization On Our Cities?1532 Words   |  7 Pagesmulti-national cooperations such as Apple and Starbucks but also by the indistinct architecture. It is a common sighting in urban cities today to see the identical steel, concrete and glass structures. This occurrence might be innate due to the easy exportation of concepts and architects, however not obligatory. Whilst advancing towards a modern society, architects have adapted this â€Å"universal style† of architecture that fails to represent the unique topography of dif ferent cities. Architects haveRead MoreArchitecture: Critical Regionalism2103 Words   |  9 PagesFrom my opinion off what I have gathered, I came to an understanding that Critical regionalism can be seen as an approach to architecture that tries to stand up for places culture and identifies the identity of a place where Modern Architecture has failed to, by using the buildings geographical context and reference of vernacular architecture. The term critical regionalism was first used by Alexander Tzonis and Liane Lefaivre and, with a somewhat different meaning, by Kenneth Frampton. CriticalRead MoreSustainability For Sustainability : A Variety Of Academic Fields And Disciplines2886 Words   |  12 Pagesforms, urban spaces, characteristics of urban design and Etc. are impacted. These characteristics have several negative impacts but two of them are the main concern of scholars particularly. First, the demolition of cultural- heritage design and vernacular urban places and spac es is changing rapidly. One of these changes is related to build environment that are impacted by globalization negative characteristics and lost its harmony with the local features such as technology and culture in time andRead MoreHow Frank Lloyd Wight s Key Influences Which Developed The Prairie Style And How The House Themselves Represent This1866 Words   |  8 PagesThis essay will show Frank Lloyd Wight’s key influences which developed the Prairie style and how the house themselves represent this. Wright is one of the first architects who found a new style based on interpretation of planes and abstract masses, known as the Prairie style. Wright had an obsession to design suitable dwelling spaces for ideal families; his eagerness came from after his parents spit up. He wanted to show the reconstruction of unstable families. Working for his uncle in WisconsinRead MoreThe Concept of Postmodernism5138 Words   |  21 Pagessphere in which the term â€Å"postmodern† first found general usage: architecture. And there we find a further contradiction. It is one which juxtaposes and gives equal value to the self-reflexive and the historically grounded: to that which is inward-directed and belongs to the world of art (such as parody ) and that which is outward-directed and belongs to â€Å"real life† (such as history ).[iv] Jencks was highly critical of modern architecture, which he thought had lost touch with the general public. He famouslyRead MoreThe Concept of Postmodernism5129 Words   |  21 Pagessphere in which the term â€Å"postmodern† first found general usage: architecture. And there we find a further contradiction. It is one which juxtaposes and gives equal value to the self-reflexive and the historically grounded: to that which is inward-directed and belongs to the world of art (such as parody ) and that which is outward-directed and belongs to â€Å"real life† (such as history ).[iv] Jencks was highly critical of modern architecture, which he thought had lost touch with the general public. He famouslyRead MoreThe Impact of Contemporary Urban Planning Principles and the Setback Regulations Implemented in Riyadh2692 Words   |  11 Pagescontributed to raising the living standard of the neighbourhood, it led to the creation of social, cultural and climate problems as well. This essay will shed light on the impact of the contemporary urban planning principles and the setback regulations implemented in Riyadh, focusing on the cultural, social and climate conflict in the city. The essay is divided into five main parts. The first part gives a general background of Saudi Arabia and Riyadh. Secondly, a description of the harmonious relationshipRead MoreEssay about Summary of History of Graphic Design by Meggs14945 Words   |  60 Pagesof newborn calves (LOL). - The codex replaced the scroll, as it consisted of stacked pieces of paper much like a modern book. - Graphic symbols became a representation of religious belief during the Roman Empire. - Rome’s legacy includes architecture, engineering, language, law and literature. - Just as the invention of printing launched a quiet revolution in Chinese culture, alphabetic writing on papyrus slowly transformed Western society. - Alphabetic writing was spread by armies, traders

The Story Of An Hour By Kate Chopin - 998 Words

â€Å"The story of an hour† by Kate Chopin was a story that was ironical yet profoundly deep. As a student I have been asked to read â€Å"a story of an hour† many times, and every time I’m surprised by how I enjoy it. People can read thousands of stories in their life times and only a handful will every stand out to them, stories that can draw out an emotion or spark a thought are the ones that will standout more. For me and â€Å"a story of an hour† the thought of freedom is what draws me the most as a teenage I would feel a deep and heavy cage that traps me in its invisible snarl. It is hard to explain why one feels that way many a times feelings are just a way of showing frustration. Mrs. Mallard I assume has many frustrations, and she associated her imprisonment with her marriage to her husband. In many versions Mrs. Mallard says he is not a mean man and she did have feelings. It is just an unexplainable blanket of depression that anyone can fall thro ugh. Like a cold or an unsuspecting wounds one cannot prevent what one does not know of until it becomes apparent .as the story progresses I add more of my own emotion and slowing I draw a bridge that connects me to the basic feel of the story. In the begging I am just an outsider looking in not yet connected with their feeling, then the realization hits one and so does mine, and finally when Mrs. Mallard freedom from her is taken yet it is not. This is what make the story believable the unchained freedom of feelings that is taboo forShow MoreRelatedThe Story Of An Hour By Kate Chopin1241 Words   |  5 Pagesâ€Å"The Story of an Hour† by Kate Chopin is a wonderful short story bursting with many peculiar twists and turns. Written in 1894, the author tells a tale of a woman who learns of her husband’s death, but comes to find pleasure in it. Many of the elements Kate Chopin writes about in this story symbolize something more than just the surface meaning. Through this short story, told in less than one thousand one hundred words, Kate Chopin illustrates a deeper meaning of Mrs. Mallard’s marriage with herRead MoreThe Story Of An Hour By Kate Chopin855 Words   |  4 PagesThe Story of an Hour In the â€Å"Story of an Hour† by Kate Chopin, is about pleasure of freedom and the oppression of marriage. Just like in Kate Chopin’s story, inside most marriages, even the ones that seem to be the happiest, one can be oppressed. Even though, one might seem to be happy deep inside they miss the pleasure of freedom and living life to the fullest. Just like, in this story Mrs. Mallard feels trapped and when she hears about her husband’s death she first feels distraught, but ultimatelyRead MoreThe Story Of An Hour By Kate Chopin1457 Words   |  6 PagesEmotions and Death Everyone who reads a story will interpret things slightly different than the person who reads it before or after him or her. This idea plays out with most every story, book, song, and movie. These interpretations create conflict and allow people to discuss different ideas and opinions. Without this conflict of thought there is no one devoting time to debate the true meaning of a text. Kate Chopin’s â€Å"The Story of an Hour† tells about a woman who is informed of her husbands deathRead MoreThe Story Of An Hour By Kate Chopin987 Words   |  4 PagesIn Kate Chopin’s short story, â€Å"The Story of an Hour† reader’s see a potentially long story put into a few pages filled with rising action, climax and even death. In the beginning of the story, character Louise Mallard, who has a heart condition, is told of the death of her husband by her sister and one of her husband’s friends. Afterwards Mrs. Mallard is filled with emptiness and then joy of freedom. This joy of freedom is actually what consequently leads to her death in the end when she discoversRead MoreThe Story Of An Hour By Kate Chopin1061 Words   |  5 PagesThroughout the short story, â€Å"The Story of an Hour†, readers are introduced to characters whose lives change drastically in the course of this writing. Through Kate Chopin’s story we can identify many different themes and examples of symbolism in her writing. Chopin’s choice of themes in this writing are no surprise due to the time frame of which this story was written. Chopin often wrote stories with of women’s rights, and is noted as one of America’s first open feminists. As this story of an ill, helplessRead MoreThe Story Of An Hour By Kate Chopin972 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"The Story of an Hour† by Kate Chopin expresses Ms. Mallard’s feelings towards her husband’s death in an appalling train accident. Due to her bad heart, her sister Josep hine had to be the bearer of bad news and approach his death gently to her. According to the quote, â€Å" But now there was a dull stare in her eyes, whose gaze was fixed away off yonder on one of those patches of blue sky. It was not a glance of reflection, but rather indicated a suspension of intelligent thought†, it lets us know thatRead MoreThe Story Of An Hour By Kate Chopin1542 Words   |  7 PagesIn the short story, â€Å"Story of an Hour†, Kate Chopin writes about a woman with heart trouble, Mrs. Mallard, who, in finding out about the death of her husband, Mr. Mallard, experiences some initial feelings of sadness which quickly transition into the exhilarating discovery of the idea of a newfound freedom lying in front of her. When it is later revealed that her husband is not actually dead, she realizes she will not get to taste that freedom. The devastation kills her. What Mrs. Mallard goes throughRead MoreThe Story Of An Hour By Kate Chopin886 Words   |  4 Pages In Kate Chopin â€Å"The Story of an Hour†, the reader is presented with the theme of prohibited independence. In Kate Chopin â€Å"The Storm†, the scenery in this story builds the perfect atmosphere for an adulterous affair. The importance of these stories is to understand the era they occurred. Kate Chopin wrote stories with exceptional openness about sexual desires. In â€Å"The Storm†, a short story written by Kate Chopin in a time when women were expected to act a certain way and sexual cravings was consideredRead MoreThe Story Of An Hour By Kate Chopin1540 Words   |  7 PagesIn Kate Chopin’s â€Å"The Story of an Hour†, the main character, Mrs. Louise Mallard, is a woman with a heart problem that gets horrifying news that her husband has passed away in a train crash. When she starts thinking about her freedom, she gets excited; she is happy to start her new, free life. However, a few hours later her husband walks in the door and she finds out it was all a mistake. When she realizes her freedom is gone her heart stop and she then dies. In â€Å"Desiree’s Baby† Desiree is an orphanedRead MoreThe Story of an Hour by Kate Chopin596 Words   |  2 PagesIn â€Å"The Story of an Hour,† Kate Chopin focuses on the idea of freedom throughout the story. Mrs. Mallard is a lonely wife who suffers from heart trouble. She is told by her sister Josephine and her husband’s friend Richards that her husband has passed away in a train accident. She locks herself in a room expecting to be devastated, but instead feels freedom. Later, she exits her room and her husband walks through the door, causing her to die of a heart attack. Chopin uses this story to demonstrate

In Pygmalion, George Bernard Shaw uses two techniques to reveal the character of Henry Higgins Essay Example For Students

In Pygmalion, George Bernard Shaw uses two techniques to reveal the character of Henry Higgins Essay In Pygmalion, George Bernard Shaw uses two techniques to reveal the character of Henry Higgins. We see Higgins as he is through his own words and actions and we also see him through other characters. The way other characters in the play respond to and perceive Hnery Higgins helps the audience to see every aspect of Higgins personality. The first time we meet Henry Higgins is in act one, where he is mistaken as a coppers nark act ,page . The other characters in the scene respond suspiciously to Higgins when a bystander points out that he has been taking notes in what the flower girl had been saying. Higgins explains to the gentleman what he is doing: simply phonetics. The science of speech. Thats my profession; also my hobby. act , page However, throughout the play it becomes clear that it is neither his job, not his hobby but his obsession. Higgins obsession with phonetics is shown in his new experiment with the flower girl, Liza. He tells her that she is to live with him for six months, learning to speak beautifully until she can be passed off as a Duchess. It becomes clear in act three that Higgins is consumed in his project with Liza: As if I ever stop thinking about the girl and her confounded vowels and consonants. act three, page sixty three. This emphasises the fact that Higgins sees Liza as no more than an experiment and also has no insight into the predicament of Liza at the end of the project. It is obvious to both Mrs Higgins and Mrs Pearce that Liza cannot be discarded when Higgins has finished his challenge, but he does not understand their concerns. Higgins fails to value Liza as a person. As Mrs Higgins comments: You certainly are a pretty pair of babies playing with you live doll. act 3, page 63 Higgins is mostly presented as a person with little respect for anyone other than himself. This is not entirely true. Though he clearly shows if he dislikes a person, he cannot understand that this is rude, Oh, have I been rude? I didnt mean to be. act ,page Higgins is shown as an honest charater and his honesty can be percieved as rudeness. However, it is one of his character strengths and the audience may admire his attitude of saying what he feels and telling it how it his. This immature behavious is one of the paradoxes of the play. Higgins continues to act like a child throughout the play by his inability to tell right from wrong. When around his mother, Higgins acts like a child and Mrs. Higgins responds by treating him like one, giving him orders to which he obeys. However, when he is around Liza he acts as a father figure, bringing her up to be a proper lady and guiding her along the way. However, Liza also seems to be able to bring  out the childish nature in Higgins. This is made clearer as Liza changes throughout the story. Though Higgins sees Liza as below him so deliciously lowact ,page she is better mannered than he. Lizas ability to change herself makes Higgins stubborness and unchanging character stand out. Though Higgins is a gentleman by social status, there is no evidence in the play that he behaves as one. He is not proper in the way he acts when they have company. In act he casually stretches his legs and begins to whistles, thought he believes he is perfectly behaving himself. His lack of manners and social decorum make him a vehicle for humour. His blunt insults you squashed cabbage leaf are amusing to the audience and that makes Higgins a likeable character. .uca18a5f8037b99caa826aac3184a13ac , .uca18a5f8037b99caa826aac3184a13ac .postImageUrl , .uca18a5f8037b99caa826aac3184a13ac .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uca18a5f8037b99caa826aac3184a13ac , .uca18a5f8037b99caa826aac3184a13ac:hover , .uca18a5f8037b99caa826aac3184a13ac:visited , .uca18a5f8037b99caa826aac3184a13ac:active { border:0!important; } .uca18a5f8037b99caa826aac3184a13ac .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uca18a5f8037b99caa826aac3184a13ac { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uca18a5f8037b99caa826aac3184a13ac:active , .uca18a5f8037b99caa826aac3184a13ac:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uca18a5f8037b99caa826aac3184a13ac .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uca18a5f8037b99caa826aac3184a13ac .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uca18a5f8037b99caa826aac3184a13ac .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uca18a5f8037b99caa826aac3184a13ac .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uca18a5f8037b99caa826aac3184a13ac:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uca18a5f8037b99caa826aac3184a13ac .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uca18a5f8037b99caa826aac3184a13ac .uca18a5f8037b99caa826aac3184a13ac-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uca18a5f8037b99caa826aac3184a13ac:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Diary Of Eva Smith EssayShaw shows Higgins as a friend through Colonel Pickering. In act 1, when both characters meet, they are each familiar with the others work. Through Pickering it is shown that Higgins does respect others. He treats Pickering as an equal because of the work that he has done. Higgins admires him and respects his work. The way that Higgins refers to him as Pick is showing his ability to be friendly and give nicknames. Higgins values Pickerings opinion. Higgins friendship with Colonel Pickering may appeal to the audience because it lets them know that hes like everybody else and he needs companions. Though the audience mostly sees Henry Higgins as being rude and disrespectful to Liza, Higgins is just treating her as he would any other student, because that is all she is to him. He does not count Liza as a friend, he sees her as a project that he merely needs to complete and discard. In all situations Higgins believes himself to be right. As Lizas teacher he sees himself cleverer than her and therefore what he thinks is correct and what she thinks is nonsense. This is also shown in situations with other characters. Higgins arrogance may turn the audience against him as he sees himself so high and mighty above everyone else. Pygmalion is seen as a cinderella story and Geogre Bernard Shaw wrote Higgins in the manner of a fairy godmother. Higgins is the one who transforms Liza into a lady and her change brings along the love of Freddy. However, Shaw twisted the story so Higgins would also fall in love with Liza. When he realises his feelings he also realises that he is lacking something in himself that has prevented him from marrying anyone. The audience may feel for Henry Higgins when he is rejected by Liza as it lets them see that he is not completely blind to emotion, he just doesnt know how to express them. They will see Higgins real self and will empathise with him. This rejection from Liza at the end of the play is the turning point of how the audience is going to feel about Higgins. They may sympathise  as they have felt the same way as him, or they may think it serves him right. I think that members of the audience can sympathise with Henry Higgins as the play goes on. Aspects of his character à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" his lack of empathy, his anger, his arrogance à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" may turn the audience against him at first. But as the story progresses his honest, humourous insults and childlike attitude make Higgins a character that people love to hate.

Macbeth And Supernatural Essays (879 words) - Characters In Macbeth

Macbeth And Supernatural Macbeth's supernatural scenes explained In today's rational and scientifically explainable world, it would be hard for us to believe in supernatural intervention in our every day lives unlike during the times of the Shakespearean plays. In Shakespeare's Macbeth, there are three examples of this kind of thing: one with the witches, one with a ghost of a best friend, and one with the a few apparitions. In the first nonrational scene three old dirty hags (witches) are discussing where they should meet Macbeth to persuade him into thinking he should be the nest king. When Macbeth finally meets the three witches on the heath like they had planed, him and his best friend Banquo are there. The witches know form years of experience that people that are Thanes always want to be king some day no matter what it takes. With the witches knowing this, they make Macbeth think that he is to be king or made king by saying "All hail, Macbeth, thou shalt be king hereafter!"(I, iii, 50) Therefor most of what the witches say they know because the have many years of experience and wisdom under their sleeves. Banquo, knowing what the witches had said, has to be dealt with by Macbeth. So Macbeth hires a hit man to take care of Banquo, and at Macbeth's dinner party all the seats are filled except for Banquo's. Macbeth, feeling guilty about his best friend, starts to hallucinate and thinks he is seeing Banquo's ghost in his seat. So Macbeth says to everyone "The table is full"(III,iv,46) and everyone thinks he is physco. Macbeth starts talking to the so called ghost that he thinks is sitting there saying "Thou canst say I did it."(III,iv,50) With Macbeth saying this it lets everyone know about the guilt that Macbeth feels and some of the other people know the crime he has committed as well. In the last witch scene Macbeth wants to see some things or people that he should beware of in the future. So the witches give Macbeth the descriptive physique of three apparitions: one of a solider in battle, one of a king that is a kid, and one of a bleeding child. While the witches call the apparitions out Macbeth sees them, and again it could be a figment of his imagination or it could be because it is at night and he can't see very well. So maybe there are some things in the Elizabethan era that then could not be explained and they were considered supernatural. But now as we look back into that era we can most likely find a rational explanation for most of the things called "supernatural" in that day, like the witches, Banquo's ghost and the apparitions. In today's society most things are scientifically explainable. In today's rational and scientifically explainable world, it would be hard for us to believe in supernatural intervention in our every day lives unlike during the times of the Shakespearean plays. In Shakespeare's Macbeth, there are three examples of this kind of thing: one with the witches, one with a ghost of a best friend, and one with the a few apparitions. In the first nonrational scene three old dirty hags (witches) are discussing where they should meet Macbeth to persuade him into thinking he should be the nest king. When Macbeth finally meets the three witches on the heath like they had planed, him and his best friend Banquo are there. The witches know form years of experience that people that are Thanes always want to be king some day no matter what it takes. With the witches knowing this, they make Macbeth think that he is to be king or made king by saying "All hail, Macbeth, thou shalt be king hereafter!"(I, iii, 50) Therefor most of what the witches say they know because the have many years of experience and wisdom under their sleeves. Banquo, knowing what the witches had said, has to be dealt with by Macbeth. So Macbeth hires a hit man to take care of Banquo, and at Macbeth's dinner party all the seats are filled except for Banquo's. Macbeth, feeling guilty about his best friend, starts to hallucinate and thinks he is seeing Banquo's ghost in his seat. So Macbeth says to everyone "The table is full"(III,iv,46) and everyone thinks he is physco. Macbeth starts talking to the so called ghost that he thinks is sitting there saying "Thou canst say I did it."(III,iv,50) With Macbeth saying this it lets everyone know about

Stasis Theory Definition, Use And Key Principles

Stasis Theory Definition, Use And Key Principles Statis Theory For Your Academic Success Some students think that the only goal of a writer is to create simple and readable content, remaining professional and academic. However, you should also provide reliability and accuracy of the mentioned information and the only way to achieve this is to understand the discussed subject. This means that you need to research as much as you can before working on the writing itself. Researching is a great way to learn new data, which is supported by evidence and can greatly improve your critical thinking. This leads us to the most common problem any student has to face: where to find information and how to process it. Luckily, there is a plan, which can help you along the way and it is called stasis theory. In this article, I will tell you what it is about and how to use it effectively in your writing. Definition Stasis theory is a rhetorical approach, which aims to determine the goal of a certain debate issue. It was introduced by Aristotle (or Hermagoras according to other sources) and was used by rhetoricians and philosophers since ancient times. These great minds defined key questions, which were first used in legal cases. Mentioned questions were used in a particular order because the answer on every question depended on the previous one. Stasis theory is very useful for writing essays, conducting research and working as a part of a team. When stasis theory is used, it aims to determine the following elements: Conjecture, i.e. facts; Meaning of the issue (its definition); Importance of the issue (its quality); Plan of actions (so-called policy). Remember, it is crucial to follow the proper order of the theory. However, to simplify the process you can divide every category into subcategories. Below is an example of how you can divide mentioned stages to get the maximum benefits out of the writing process. Fact Did anything happen? What was the cause of the event? Can the event be changed? For example, does climate change exist? What caused it? What can we do about it? Definition Nature of the problem; What sort of a problem it is? What parts make up the problem and how they interlink? For example, is climate change defined solely as global warming or it includes other issues? Quality Does it have a positive or a negative impact? How serious the problem is? What are its consequences and who is the most affected by the issue? What will happen if the problem is solved? For example, are changes in the ecosystem really harmful? Who is the most affected? Policy Should any actions be applied? What groups of people or individuals are involved in the process of solving the problem? What actions should be done? What should happen to resolve the issue? For example, is it necessary to find a solution to climate changes? Who should be involved? Research Stasis theory is a great solution for writers, who are willing to get maximum information on the studied subject. It is a key element of successful work, so you need to understand the theory’s basic principles not depending on the type of assignment you have. Stasis theory acts as a list of the most efficient analytical questions that help in collecting the most recent and relevant information. When you are working on the questions, you need to evaluate multiple sources: literature, interviews, databases, journals, polls and much more. Stasis approach helps not only to get access to the most accurate information on the research but also assists in exploring the issue even before shaping a thesis. For example, you are given a very challenging topic and you need to provide your own opinion and arguments. Before you shape your own ideas, you can apply all the stasis questions and explore the subject. This will help you to decide what side you are on and what your ideas on the matter are. In addition, stasis theory questions help in identifying gaps in your knowledge. If you can’t answer two or more questions, this means that you must conduct deeper research. Teamwork When you are asked to work as a part of a team, stasis approach helps to find common issues by starting a dialogue until the consensus is found. To provide an example, let us again return to the question of global warming and whether it is caused only by the harmful behavior of the planet’s inhabitants. While parts of the team may think that climate change was caused by people, others would disagree. Reaching a certain stasis means finding an idea or term, which everyone could agree with. Even though team members may have different opinion on whether climate changes were caused by people or not, all of them agree that those changes have a negative effect on Earth (fact), it leads to endangering of multiple species (fact) and of course everyone will agree that this problem influences us all (quality). In such a way a stasis will be reached in at least two categories (quality and fact) but they would still disagree on the definition (whether the problem is caused by people or by other issues) and the policy (what actions should be taken to solve the problem). Even if opinions differ, this theory helps to create and hold a dialogue and to write a strong paper. Without such a theory, members of the team would probably drown in arguments and would feel stressed about the assignment. You should remember that working in a team means that you should always use arguments and reach a consensus if members have different opinion. For example, you can make a list of different reasons why people should be blamed for global warming and also provide arguments why they shouldn’t. Let the reader decide whose side to choose. Many field experts name stasis theory a sort of research guideline. Simply by using its standard questions, you will be able to get maximum information on the matter, shape your own opinion and write an assignment, which will be filled with credible data. This theory is also of great use for teams because it helps to find common grounds and solve conflict situations. Remember, stasis theory is all about logic and thorough research of a given issue, so don’t waste your time and get started immediately.

1.Currency derivatives can be classified into instruments with Essay

1.Currency derivatives can be classified into instruments with symmetrical(fixed)and asymmetrical(open) outcomes.Define their respective characteristics, and use examples to illustrate your answer - Essay Example futures are symmetrical: if one can enter into a forward at a particular price, the price might either go up or come down, and so, one can make either profit or a loss. Forwards are quite common in commodities, and can be used either for speculation or for hedging. Eg: If a person has an order to ship 10000 tons of steel for a period of 6 months at a prefixed price of $1000 per ton. And the person is expecting the price of steel to increase. So, to hedge against the price risk, the person enters into a forward purchase agreement, for 10000 tons 6 months hence. The person position is now fully hedged: if the price of steel increases as expected, person will either claim a delivery from the forward seller, or a net settlement. If the price comes down, person will be obliged to settle by making a payment for the price difference to the forward seller, but will be fully compensated by the pre-fixed price it gets from its own forward sale contract. 2. Options have an asymmetric return profile: an option is an option with one party. The option will be exercised only when the purchaser of the option is in-the-money. Therefore, the only loss in an option is the cost of writing and carrying the option. Hence, options have an asymmetric return profile. On the other hand, the option-seller only makes returns by way of fees or premium for selling the option, against which the person takes the risk of being out-of-money. If the option is not exercised, person makes fees, but if the option is exercised, considerably, the person may lose. For example, if one person is holding a security of $1000 buys an option to put the security at its current price with some other person. Now if the price of the security goes down to $900. The person may exercise to sell the option of the security to some other person at the agreed price of $1000 to protect against the loss of account of turn down in the market value. If, on the other hand, the price of the security is increased to $1100,

Top paper Research Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Top - Research Paper Example enic activities such as burning of fossil fuels and emission of green house gases have been said to be the prime suspects many conservative scientists still believe that Global warming is a natural phenomenon and not a man-made one. After the Earth’s origin the temperature of the earth has changed continuously throughout the geologic time period. As a matter of fact global warming is an important phenomenon that is important for survival of life on Earth without which the earth’s temperature would drop drastically. Conservatives believe that till date there is no credible or reliable information about the phenomenon of Global warming. A thorough study of the Geologic time scale would reveal that instances of global warming has even occurred in the past with temperatures of Earth exceeding than what it is today. The Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM) is one of the most recent cases of Global warming said to have occurred almost 56 million years ago (Bowen et al, 2004, p.495). This not only caused warm temperature conditions but also caused release of almost 2000 x 109 metric tons of carbon  into the ocean waters causing ocean acidification, a phenomenon which can be seen today (Zachos et al, 2005, p.1611). Today rapid acidification is attributed to global warming however such acidification is known to occur thousands of years ago when man’s harmful anthropogenic activities did not exists. Global warming is known to be the major cause of melting of ice caps and rising of the water level. However, recent studies of the polar ice caps have shown that in most areas of the Arctic the ice caps have thickened. GIS images have shown that in 2012 polar ice-caps covered almost 3.91 square kilometers whereas as of 2014 the polar ice-caps cover almost 5.62 million square kilometers which is in contrast to the global warming model (Rose, 2014). If man’s activities were to be the cause of global warming then such a phenomenon would not have occurred since Man

Interdependence Australian Government

Interdependence Australian Government States usually form interdependent governments for so many reasons. For this case, Asian and Australian interdependence is to provide security to these countries and also in other areas say in the global markets. The military defense in the Asian country has had a wide impact to the Australian government. It is due to this interdependence that Australian government has been in a position to demonstrate peace in most of its activities. This is because of the strong relationship it has with the Asian military and its through Military Corporation that a country can be in a position to understand the other countries culture hence leading to solving of so many problems which are associated with crimes. The Asian regions past economic growth afforded opportunities for increased defense spending and also military modernization. Asia is the worlds sixth largest armed forces in that region. Its argued that many Asian governments embarked on military modernization programs during the early 90s .It is due to the strong military defense in Asia whereby the Australia government formed an interdependence with this government to ensure that it has helped this country to solve most of the upheaval associated with political and economic differences. (Bowles, 2001). Australia is one of the regions which are undergoing profound transformation or even changes and these changes are challenging the value and the relevance of its old ideas and structures. So due to this case, the government has an approach of emerging Asian -pacific security landscape. It is due to the break of the Soviet Union which provides a unique opportunity in order to build a new regional security architecture that is within the Asian pacific region. This new security architecture will inevitably take in to account the Asian culture which are said to be different from the Australian culture. So in this case, the interdependence will incorporate the principle of consensus and also less formalized defense arrangements. (Bowles, 2001). Given that the economic crisis has enlightened the importance of transparency and good governance, the Asian military defense reforms is especially pertinent. Its through this interdependence which has led to the promotion of professionalism, efficiency and also effectiveness which is offered by the Australian military defense. The Asian military defense offers an international military education and also training to the Austrian military defense. It is due to this corporation that the Australian military defense is in a position to overcome most of the economic crisis which occur in to that country. In fact, it has also been argued that the restrictions on the Asian and Australian engagement helped encourage the various use of unprofessional methods among the hard bitten factional within its military. It is due to this that the Australian military defense uses the professional military forces tactics to fight back crimes which might occur in that country and also in establishing of peace. It is in this corporation whereby the military defense helps to transfer technology to this country. As a result, it can use this technology to adverse it to its military defense hence making this country to be in a position to overcome any political or even economic upheavals. The military army also ensures that no transfer of destabilizing weapons to this country which might affect international peace. It is due to this fact that the military defense has taken the initiative to ensure that there in peace in this country. (Bowles, 2001). Another contribution is that the Australian military defense can get cheaper weapons from this country. It is one of the suppliers of weapons and hence it contributes to the Australian government through the sale of these weapons. It is these weapons whereby this government can also use for security purposes. (Arnet, 1997). The Australian military has also been in a position to adjust to the economic crisis and other crisis through resizing, reshaping and also timing of its peacetime military to military engagement activities. It has also ensured a security umbrella to this country and has also helped to stabilize the region and this has been achieved through watching the store while the various economic conditions are reformed. It is due to this military defense that the Australian government has been in a position to control the various crimes which occur in that country and also in stabilizing the economy. (Arnet, 1997). During the times of upheavals which might be political, economical, social and also religious, the Asian military defense is seen to demonstrate its support to ensure that all these upheavals have been calmed. It demonstrates political military and economic support incase these upheavals happen. Hence this is seen as a good contribution to the economy of Australia since it performs it economic activities with no crisis. (Arnet, 1997). The sustained region growth is one of the things which is contributing to the Asian stability and hence the need for the Australia to form an interdependence with the Asians. One of the duties of the Australian government is to provide security and defense to its people. Its the role of the government to ensure that the military defense is in a position to respond in to a gangue of contingencies as well as robust capacity in order to deal with any military threats which might occur in to that country. Anticipating and meeting the various challenges to the Australian security has remained a demanding task to this country. It is due to the contributions by the Asian military defense which makes this country to ensure that there are no military threats to that country. It is due to the contribution of the Asian military defense that Australia is in a position to overcome any threats in to their country. It is quite clear that any threat or even invasion attempted in to that country, the Australian army would of course be compelled to resist it even if it would lead to great loss of peoples life and also the economic deprivation. (Binnendijk, 1996). The Australian defense also ensures that it has also protected the interests of their markets. It is due to the contribution by the Asian military defense that Australian military defense is in a position to ensure that market interests have been protected and no threats to this markets which might in turn affect the economic growth of this country. It is the role of the military defense to ensure that no smuggled goods are brought in to the country and that it ensures that its borders have been protected and hence no illegal importation or even transportation of goods takes place. As a result, you find that the markets interest have been met hence leading to economic growth of this country. (Binnendijk, 1996). The interdependence in this case is said to maintain a political influence in the region. This is because the Australian government sees that Asian military to be quite central to may political change in that region. So in this case, the military defense has an influence to the Australian government. This is because it helps that government to have a political stability. Political stability in the sense that it is in a position to overcome wars which might lead to a threat in that country. It uses the Asian army to help fight back any political instabilities which might lead to problems in that country. (Binnendijk, 1996). The Australian ruling class are also said to benefit from the occupation of the oil treaty which it signed with the Asian government. The Timor gap oil is one of the best deep water tunnels and is seen to have a strategic significance to the Australian navy. Having the access to this channel has been of significant impact to the Australian government since it has lead to the economic growth of this country. You find that the Australian navy has access to this channel and hence benefits a lot from it. (Johnson, 1996). It is due to this interdependence that these countries have been in a position to realize globalization. Globalization can be defined as the movement of goods and services from one country to another. The expanding web of interdependence between these two countries has lead to resolving of issues which are related with globalization. The military in this case helps to build a trust to overlay the conflict dampening effect of interdependence. The relationship between military and political relations among these countries continues to shift hence leading to greater security measures in these countries and in return great developments. It is globalization which has brought so many people and countries to trade together hence exposing these countries in to diversified threats which range from environmental threats to even terrorists threats. It is due to this interdependence that the military defense is in a position to overcome all these threats whenever they occur. Many countries have also found that they can not overcome the threats which are associated with globalization and hence need to form a coalition with other countries to ensure that the military defense in that country is in a position to overcome these threats. A good example is in the Australian and Asia interdependence whereby it contributes so much to the security of these countries. Incase of any security threats, the military defense for the two countries is in a position to overcome these threats effectively. (Johnson, 1996). The military corporation helps in shaping peace in these countries. It is due to military corporations that the military defense is in a position to fight crimes whenever they happen. For example the military corporation in the Asian and Australia has led to stability in that country. This is because the two military forces are joined together when fighting certain crimes say terrorists. Terrorists are good examples of criminal threats in so many countries. A good example is seen in the September 11, at the United States whereby it was bombed by terrorists. It is due to this problem that military forces form a coalition to ensure that all these problems do not occur in this case. So the Asian military defense has been seen as one of the major contributing factors to this country in ending the terrorists. The country has been in a position to live in peace since there are no any more threats which are associated with terrorists. (Johnson, 1996). The military role in defense is also seen to contribute to useful platforms for example is defense dialogues and interaction. The Asian military defense has been of paramount importance to the Austrian government due to this coalition. It has helped to serve as an additional channel for these countries to resolve their differences and also to clarify their misunderstanding. So in this case, the Asian military defense has helped the Australia to solve most of its problems since it has solved most of its differences with this military defense. The government is in a position to resolve disputes arising in that region help prevent miscalculations and also has entrenched a culture of peaceful resolutions of several problems brought as a result of differences which occur between countries. Another contribution by the Asian military defense to this country is transparency issue. This has led to transparency in the military defense of this country and hence can do its activities properly just like any other military defense. (Ross, 1999). In the general market, this interdependence has also led to security in these markets. You find that the Asian military defense can provide security in these markets. So the two countries can then trade effectively since there is protection and due to this coalition, you find that the Australian people can even export its products to the Asian country without any problem since there is a tight security by the military defense. As a result, you find that the economy of this country has grown since there is a ready market for its exports. Issues of trafficking and also the sale of smuggled goods have evaded since the military force ensures that the goods which are exported are not smuggled. The military defense also helps in peace keeping in this country. It ensures that there are no political or even economic conflicts which occur in to this country. It is due to this initiative that the Austrian people are in a position to live in peace without any fear. (Ross, 1999). Conclusion Asian-Australian interdependence has had so many impacts to their economies. It has both political and economic impacts. Australia participation in the illegal activities of the Bush administration led to its implication in some of the worst war crimes and this is since the World war 11 including the torture and also the slaughter of thousands of civilians in the indiscriminate bombing of Afghan and Iraqi town cities. It is by the contribution of the military defense in the Asian country which led to peace keeping during this scenario. For example the military defense in the Asian country has many impacts to the Austrian country. This is because it is this military defense which helps to ensure that there is peace and harmony and this country. In times of political upheavals, the military defense also helps to ensure that all these problems have been solved. Reference Bowles, N. (2001): The diplomacy of hope. The united nations since the cold war. World Federation of United Nations Association. Arnet, E. (1997): Military capacity and the risk of war. Oxford University Press. Binnendijk, H. (1996): U.S. strategic objectives in East Asia. Strategic Forum 68. Institute of national strategic studies. Johnson, D. (1996): Modernization of the PLA navy and East Asian Regional Security Issues. Journal of Public and International affairs. Ross, R. (1999): The geography of peace. East Asian in the twenty-first Century. International security.

Painting Interpretation :: essays research papers

Recently at the San Diego Museum of photographic arts in balboa park, there was an exhibition of Steve McCurry’s, the national geographic photographer who took the famous picture â€Å"Afghan Girl†, on his photo tour of Asia. It chronicled in splendid detail everything from India, and the most holy places in the Sikh religion, to Tibet and to the traditions inherent in the daily lives Afghani bakers. The titles and the explanatory text blobs dotting the walls told a story of deep spiritualism and introspection in the name of religion. The pieces all reflected on different religions but the theme remained and painted Asia as a place full of devout individuals who have found purpose in their respective theologies. Among these images of brooding eyes, silent prayer and reflection fell a comical image. It showed a young Uzbekistani boy holding a cigarette to the mouth of a statue; the statue of a Buddhist spiritual guru.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The image was funny. A burning Marlboro at the smiling stone lips of a 700 year old priest was funny. But the question I posed was why. If humor is the human reaction to the uncomfortable, the awkward or the indecent, what about this image made my friend and I laugh. The answer lied in its comparison. It juxtaposed a devout spiritualism with commercialization and addiction. Both things thought to be in stark contrast with the enlightenment that is supposed to be revealed to all sons and daughters of religion and especially the followers of Buddha. This image struck a chord with me, even though I am not religious, and have taken resentment to the current upswing in the inquisition like militancy that is now a part of the Christian faith in America, I have grown up in a religious society, a Christian society. My morals are based on Christian interpretations of right and wrong fore we both live in a country founded on such beliefs, and are now immersed in them. This image of comparison stuck with me because, our society is full of such paradoxical situations. Christian doctrine dictates the negative outcomes of addiction, and guffaws at commercialism as an offshoot of materialism and greed, which is a mortal sin. But despite these things the world and America in particular are in a struggle hold with people’s desire for material wealth on one side and the planet’s well being and the world’s religious quest for balance in all life on the other.

Pasyon: a Factor That Shaped the Filipinos’ Identity Essay

The review of the literature for this study focuses on the significance of the Pasyon as one of the popular forms of literature that seems to have fascinated people throughout the centuries. This focuses on a number of different studies and published articles that supports the former statement. Many writers have proclaimed that Pasyon was used by the Spanish as one of the factors to slowly conquer the Philippines, in which it created a big impact in the minds of every Filipinos. One of these is Reynaldo Ileto who alluded to this significance: â€Å"One of the principal ideas developed in this study is that the masses experience of Holy Week fundamentally shaped the style of peasant brother- hoods and uprisings during (the Spanish and early American colonial periods. Instead of glorifying the ancient rituals of the babaylane’s (native priests) as evocative of the true native spirit, the fact has to be accepted that the majority of the lowland Filipinos were converted to Spanish Catholicism. [†¦] The various rituals of Holy week, particularly the reading of the story of Jesus Christ â€Å"(Pasyon and Revolution, 1840-1910). Paul Spickard in his work, Race and Nation, quoted that â€Å"Colonialism seem to always result in â€Å"racialized† hierarchies between conquering people and the conquered. Colonialism brought many common items to the places that were colonized and resulted into rapid decline of the native’s culture, language, and traditions. Terms and Concepts Words matter. In this research, one finds several terms and concepts that are used in different chapters. Here are their definitions that will guide and give us a little background about the study. Pabasa ng Pasyon. The Pasyon is normally heard during Holy Week in the Philippines, where its recitation, known as the Pabasa (â€Å"Reading†) can span several days over the course of the period, extending no later thanBlack Saturday. Readers will chant the verses of the Pasyon without pause from beginning to end in front of a specially-constructed shrine or altar. This non-stop reading of the Pasyon is facilitated by the chanters working in shifts. The reading of Pasyon must be finished before 3 pm of Good Friday (the time when Jesus died on the cross). Musical accompaniment to its recitation is practised by some though is by no means universal. (Pasyon, Wikipedia. org) Before evolving into the contemporary version of the reading and chanting ritual in the Philippines during the Lenten season, the early form of the pabasa was introduced to the indigenous people of the Philippine islands by Spanish friars. The Spaniards brought Catholicism to the Philippines. Gradually, over the period of Spanish colonialism in the Philippines (1521–1898), the ancient Filipinos adapted the religious chanting introduced by the Spanish priests and incorporated it to their own custom of singing epics during native celebrations. (Pabasa (ritual), Wikipedia. org) Race One finds the word â€Å"race† used to refer to particular group of people competing each other for power or control. Race is one of the factors that shape the relationship between peoples. According to the pseudoscientists, there are big races (perhaps four or five of them). In this view, race is about biology, genes, phenotype, and the body. It is physical, inherited, and immutable. The races are discrete from each other. Each race has not only specific distinguishing body features- skin color, hair texture, nose shape, and so forth- but specific character qualities that cannot be erased; they may be suppressed, but eventually they will come out. These qualities are cultural aspects, such as language, citizen, religion, child rearing practices, food habits clothing, and so forth. (Paul Spickard, Race and Nation, 2005) Language One finds the word, â€Å"language† used to refer to a complex and dynamic system of conventional symbols that is used in various modes for thought and communication (qtd in COMA 104 notes). Language may refer either to the specifically human capacity for acquiring and using complex systems of communication, or to a specific instance of such a system of complex communication. The scientific study of language in any of its senses is called linguistics (language, Wikipedia. org). Culture One finds the word, â€Å"culture† used to refer to the totality of group’s thought, experience, and patterns of behaviour and its concepts values and assumptions about life that guide behaviour. (qtd. in COMA 104 notes) C. Statement of the Problem Looking now at the present context, many had claimed that the Filipino Language, culture, as well as history and identity were all distorted out of its original shape, its original civilization. Using the pasyon as one of the tools introduced by Spaniards to slowly conquer the Philippines, we focus on this main question, what are the impacts of the Pasyon and its influences that shaped the Filipinos identity? Here are some additional questions that help us determine the first question: What are the factors that affect the perception of both races in understanding the pasyon. Do both races have different understanding on the reading? How did the translation affect or create an impact to the people’s perception? Moreover, what were the other Christianization Strategies employed by Spaniards to successfully convert the Filipinos to Roman Catholicism given the fact that the both sides were having communication problems? To answer these queries, we are going to examine the content and the history of the pasyon particularly the Pasyon Mahal. And also, we will study both races (Spanish and Filipino) to determine how the pasyon influenced their culture, language, and values to what it is today. D. Objectives of the Study The general objective of the study is to identify the changes and transformation of the Filipino society in terms of the influences brought by the Pasyon. We are also interested in the different custom, tradition, and ideas brought by the colonizers during their invasion. For the most part, Pasyon will be examined as one of the main reasons of how our culture, race and language in the Philippines evolve. We will also analyse and appreciate the content of the pasyon as a factor that shaped the Filipinos identity; and to be able to learn how the Filipino culture and language evolved and adjusted for many years so to understand also the current situation of Filipinos identity. Pasyon was used by the Spanish colonizers as one of their Christianization Strategies; therefore we will also look for the impacts employed by the said reading in Filipinos original customs and tradition. Lastly we will explain why both races have their own perception in understanding the Pasyon. E. Theoretical and Conceptual framework Theoretical framework The following are the theories and concepts related to this study: Medium Theory -medium affects perception, also known as channel theory, or media formalism. McLuhan (1964) challenged conventional definitions when he claimed that the medium is the message. With this claim, he stressed how channels differ, not only in terms of their content, but also in regard to how they awaken and alter thoughts and senses. He distinguished media by the cognitive processes each required. McLuhan popularized the idea that channels are a dominant force that must be understood to know how the media influence society and culture. (Medium theory, utwente. nl/cw/theorieenoverzicht/) Standpoint Theory A standpoint influences how the people adopting it socially construct the world. Social group membership affects people’s standpoints. The inequalities of different social groups create differences in their standpoints (Standpoint Theory, Wikipedia. org). Conceptual framework Sapir- Whorf hypothesis would help us understand the different perceptions of the different races with different language of an event with the same situation. Since it assumes that different language produce different way of behaviour, this could help solve our question: â€Å"Do both races have different understanding on the reading? †. This would help us understand that the impacts of the pasyon could have produced more than one In media theory, it is supposed that medium affects perception. This idea would help us lead to a conclusion on how the Pasyon was presented to the audience as the factor that affects their understanding. While the standpoint theory, could help us solve the problem by making social status as the main factor of the problem since it indicates that people with different social levels have different perceptions since they are affected by the hierarchies they are in. F. Significance of the study As Communication Arts students, we believe that this study will help us deepen our understanding about language and culture, particularly in race and language where we can see the relation of how race, language and culture gradually changes. By this we will fully understand how these three elements are continuously shaping each other. We will also learn to see how people in early times communicate and how they relate messages in to reality. In this case, we will have the idea on how people have varieties of notions and interpretations depending on the situation they are in. We are looking forward that our study will also contribute to the body of literature, specifically, to the history of Philippine literature. In terms of appreciation of our Philippine culture, this study aims to seek and value the early literatures written by our early writers here in the Philippines and how this writings awakened the minds of our early heroes. It would also make us understand that the religion of most Filipino today is not solely influenced by the colonizers but a religion gradually modified by our very own native Filipinos. Chapter II Research methodology A. Research design Content analysis or textual analysis is a methodology in the social sciences for studying the content of communication. Earl Babbie defines it as â€Å"the study of recorded human communications, such as books, websites, paintings and laws. † According to Dr. Farooq Joubish, content analysis is considered a scholarly methodology in the humanities by which texts are studied as to authorship, authenticity, or meaning. Harold Lasswell formulated the core questions of content analysis: â€Å"Who says what, to whom, why, to what extent and with what effect?. â€Å"Ole Holsti (1969) offers a broad definition of content analysis as â€Å"any technique for making inferences by objectively and systematically identifying specified characteristics of messages. † Procedure This introduction to case study research draws upon six processes: B. Method of Analysing the Data Since we are determined to seek for the history and analyse the content of the Pasyon, a certain descriptive data, must undergo the process of case study method to fully understand its contents. We will access the existing information gathered from the past as well as to dissect the contents into different parts (preferably stanza by stanza) for us to comprehend its ideas and the meanings it imparted. By using the method of case study, we will see why the pasyon has two contradictory functions in the past society. To expand, we will determine and define the research questions, which are already stated in the former part of this paper; Select the cases and determine data gathering and analysis techniques; Prepare to collect the data, since we already have the existing datum, which is a copy of Reynaldo Ileto’s pasyon and revolution book; Collect data in the field, collect records that are related to the making of the Pasyon and how it was used by the early people, considering also its impacts imparted to the society; Evaluate and analyze the data, scrutinized the contents of the said records, and relay it to explain the ideas imparted, say the stanzas of the pasyon and how the Filipino culture relate it to their way of life, next, we also need to compare these collected data and look for the similarities as well as the differences of the subjects, say the culture of the Spanish against the culture of the native Filipinos. Chapter IIIResults and discussion. In this study, we used the Pasyon Pilapil, since it is commonly used, actually the second, and the least-polished of three Church-approved pasyons. This popular name for the Casaysayan of 1814 originates from a traditional belief that it was written by a native priest named Mariano Pilapil, but recent scholarship has established that Pilapil merely edited the 1814 text, the author of which remains unknown (Ileto, 12). For the Content itself: In Reynaldo Ileto’s textual analysis of Pasyon, he claimed that the existence of Jesus Christ was concurrent to the mass’ experiences where His sufferings are much closely understood by the peasant Filipinos, as if their agonies are much like His. Say for example, despite the fact that from the Spanish perspective, the more effective tool, to discourage Indios from enriching and educating themselves to the point where they might constitute a threat to colonial rule, is the pasyon, the perspective of the mass audience, the identification of the wealthy, educated Pharisees, maginoo and pinunong bayan (local Ieaders) with Christ’s tormentors could not fail to have radical implications in actual life. Take the following pasyon Stanzas in which the priests and gentry demand that Pilate sentence Jesus to death (Ileto, 15-16): At caming nagcacapisan dito sa iyong harapan (And we gathered here before your Excellency) Guinoo’t, pinunorig bayan, (Are aristocrats and town chiefs) di mu pa paniualaan (So you have no reason to doubt) sa mga sumbong ng tanan. (all our accusations. ) Caming naghahabla rito (We plaintiffs here) di sinungaling na tauo mayayama,t, maguinoo (Are truthful people gentlemen of rank and wealth) houag nang paniindimin mo (so away with your misgivings) hatulan mo nang totoo. (hand down the verdict. ) (114:6-7) The words were used as obviously boastful and vain that to the extent it imparted an idea of aggression against the weak and poor, making more the character of Christ as the opposite personality. As for the Filipinos, the pasyon carries a language that attracted them to become like the characters of Christ. It gave them a feeling of subversion, a feeling to oppose the â€Å"maguinoong† friars. Even if we, for the moment, limit our attention to the Pasyon Pilapil as a text, it’s bearing on popular movements and social unrest can already be seen. For one thing, the inclusion of episodes relating to the Creation of the World, the Fall of Man, and the Last Judgment makes the Pasyon Pilapil image of universal history, the beginning and end of time, rather than a simple gospel story. In its narration of Christ suffering, death, and resurrection, and of the Day of judgement it provides powerful images of transition from one state or era to another. † (Ileto, 14) The material contains encouragement of revolt against the abusive controls of those who are in power more than the Spanish’s plan of taming and encouraging acceptance of the church since the characters encrypted have symbolism that is not far from the masses (Christ) and Spanish colonizers (Roman Friars) roles in reality. In terms of observing the context structure and word translations, it can be purely seen that errors in composition are highly persistent. â€Å"The Pasyon Pilapil was, in fact, soundly criticized in the late nineteenth century by Aniceto de la Merced, a native priest, in a pamphlet titled Manga Puna (critique). The account, writes De Ia Merced, will open your eyes to the errors, unnoticed hut rampant in that book called Pasong Mahal, which is really the work of an ignoramus. ’ The major criticisms of the Pasyon Pilapil are its incoherence, faulty scholarship, repetitiveness, and clumsy, inaccurate use of language. † (Ileto, 13) However, in terms of the translation, we found out that the original Pasyon, which we discovered that it was really a Filipino who wrote the book. Gaspar Aquino de Belen, a bilingual poet and a translator made the first Pasyon under the order of the Spanish missionaries, the Encomienda System that orders the people to convert the people into Catholic religion. In this case, we found out that neither the Pasyon was modified from the Book of the Bible and was from Spanish nor from Roman origin thus it was a customization of the story of Jesus Christ in the New Testament. However, in terms of the alteration of the meaning, though the text was converted and modified, we have observed that the sense that the reading wants to impart are still the same since both the Bible and The Pasyon contains the story and the life of Jesus Christ, though the latter is in poetic form. For Social Hierarchy It was said that the power dynamic that makes racial difference historically has been tied to colonialism. Some, incorporated fairly fully, forcing their national language (or atleast its writing system) (Paul Spickard, Race and Nation, 2005). In, Leslie E. Bauzon’s work, â€Å"Influence of the Spanish Culture†, she pointed out that Spaniards transplanted their social, economic, and political institutions for about 333 years of colonial sovereign (1565-1898). Moreover, in order to administer the Philippines, the Spaniards extended their royal government to the Filipinos. This highly centralized governmental system was theocratic. There was a union of Church and State. The Roman Catholic Church was equal to and coterminous with the State. In addition, when we look into the perspective of the colonizers, the use of the pasyon simply affirms prevailing social structure in which the virtue of meekness and resignation to suffering, rather than the confrontation of the oppression, seems to have been encouraged. Filipinos then, were isolated in the idea that a Christian must follow its duties because reward is forthcoming in heaven. Because of that it was obvious that the Spaniards take advantage of the situation that the natives will not rebel against them since they respect the Friars as a leader who teaches the gospel of the Lord. Meaning, having the thought of opposing the Catholic Church, suggests that you also oppose God. (Filipino Heritage. com) Therefore, it could be the influenced of the colonizer’s social status in which they stand as the powerful and dominant in which the natives did not seem to see the idea of revolution. Since, the area where they view the framework is less viewable than the view of the others who sees it. However, on the side of those who were classified as low class, the native Filipino, the interpretations of the pasyon are more viewed as a social awakeners and generator of revolution than just a pure passionate reading for the religion. Just like what the Standpoint theory tells, â€Å". The inequalities of different social groups create differences in their standpoints. † It was clear that there were functions in which the pasyon may alter popular consciousness. However, because of the social levels they are in, the interpretations of the meanings of the book were altered. For the Culture (in terms of religion) To understand this factor, it is good to look back the practices and behaviour they both (Spaniards and Filipino) had before the colonization take place. There, we must observe, and study their similarities and differences. For the Spanish: Spain, as it has been observed, is a nation-state born out of religious struggle mainly between Catholicism and Islam, but also against Judaism (site) The culture of Spain is a European culture based on a variety of influences. These include the pre-Roman cultures, mainly the celts and the Iberians cultures; but mainly in the period of Roman influences. In the areas of language and religion, the Ancient Romans left a lasting legacy. The subsequent course of Spanish history also added elements to the country’s cultural development. [†¦] Spain became an almost entirely Roman Catholic country and Catholicism became their state religion in 1851. (Culture of Spain, Wikipedia. org) For the Filipinos, their God, Bathala was the supreme god of the pre-Spanish Filipinos. They attributed to Bathala, the creator of the heavens, Earth, and man. There were lesser gods and goddesses, like a god of death, a god of agriculture, a goddess of harvest, sea gods, river gods, and the like. It was also believed that things found in nature were full of spirits more powerful than man was. Spirits of dead relatives were also revered. Sacrifices were offered to all of them. The ancient Filipinos believed in the immortality of the soul and in life after death. Disease or illness was attributed to the whims of the environmental spirits and the soul-spirits of the dead relatives. The pre-Spanish Filipinos also revered idols, called anitos in Tagalog and diwata in Visayan. These seem to be the counterparts of the present saints, to whom Filipinos offer prayers and food, much like their ancestors did. (Philippine History, asiarecipe. com) Their likenesses of their religion are much likely far from each other. As we observe, Spanish religion is purely an influence from Roman civilization and Filipino religion is a culture that blooms naturally as their civilization grows. The Spanish believes in one God hence, Filipinos were animists. That is why, when the colonization took over, majority of the Filipinos rejected their own religion. Moreover, considering some factors that give difficulties to penetrate the areas, colonizer almost failed their mission. However, in 1599, negotiation began between a number of chieftains, their freemen, and the Spaniards. The natives agreed to submit to the rule of a Castilian king and in return, the natives were indoctrinated into Christianity and were protected from their enemies, mostly Japanese, Chinese, and Muslim pirates. However, the conquest and conversion efforts were neither as easy nor as negotiable as this contract. The missionaries faced many obstacles and successes along the path to Christianization. [†¦] When, Miguel Lopez de Legaspi set up the colonial system beginning 1565, he implemented an encomienda system where a native could acquire land if he underwent baptism and registered as a Catholic. Massive conversion occurred at this time. Many of which have, since then, adopted the same values of Catholics. It was clear to understand that they accepted the conversion only for protection and not as a pure religion. (Roman Catholic, Wikipedia. org) The pasyon is a Tagalog prayer book introduced by the missionaries and one of the tactics used for evangelism. Because of that, there is be a possibility that if natives refuse to follow the Spaniards, it could be an act of revolt of their new religion since they still have the faith of the former beliefs and since the conversion was only forced. However, these evidences are not strong enough to support the culture as the main factor that triggers different understanding on the reading. Moreover, as the colonization took place, and the catholic religion was introduced, the religious culture was slowly evolving and modified by several aspects, one of these is the Pasyon. â€Å"But like other regions of Southeast Asia which â€Å"domesticated† Hindu, Buddhist, Confucian, and Islamic influences, the Philippines, despite the fact that Catholicism was more often than not imposed on it by Spanish missionaries, creatively evolved its own brand of folk Christianity from which was drawn much of the language of anticolonialism in the late nineteenth century† (Ileto, 11-12) Chapter IV: Summary, Conclusion and recommendation The Pabasa or Pasyon have become a part of the Filipinos religious life ever since the colonization begun. As what history tells, it was used to tame and convert the native Filipino from being pagans to Christian. But, unfortunately the function did not worked accordingly to the Spanish since it had caused the Filipino people to revolt against them. It had become a tool that helped the Filipinos awaken their minds and thought about their present standing. We will try to determine the major factor that contribute to this event by gathering data, analyze and evaluate the data collected. Our findings lead us to this conclusion, according to the numbers of reliable data and by deep analyzing of the three supposed factors, the content of the pasyon and the social hierarchies are the main roots why the revolts of the mass have ascended. Though we consider the culture in terms of religious aspects as an undersized contributor, it is likely stands more on the fact that the culture is the one modified by the Pasyon since the beliefs of the Philippine culture eventually changed in time colonization. Bibliography Ileto, Reynaldo. Pasyon and Revolution; Popular Movements in the Philippines. Manila, Philippines: Ateneo de Manila University Press, 1979 Spickard, Paul. Race and Nation: ethnic systems in the modern world. New York: Routledge Taylor & Francis Group, 2005 Language Definitions. 26 September 2011. Wikipedia the free encyclopaedia. 26 September 2011. < http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki>. Medium Theory. 7 Sep 2010. University of Twente. 7 Sep 2010. < http://www. utwente. nl/cw/theorieenoverzicht/> Pabasa (ritual). 11 July 2011. Wikipedia the free encyclopaedia. 11 July 2011. < http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki>. Pasyon. 19 July 2011. Wikipedia the free encyclopaedia. 19 July 2011. < http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki>. Roman Catholicism in the Philippines. 26 September 2011. Wikipedia the free encyclopaedia. 26September 2011. < http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki>. Standpoint theory. 29 April 2011. Wikipedia the free encyclopaedia. 29 April 2011. < http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki>. Vanzi, Sol Jose. â€Å"FIRST TAGALOG ‘PASYON’ A BESTSELLER. † PHILIPPINE HEADLINE NEWS ONLINE. (4 April 2007): 20 Sept. 2011 Language and Culture notes. (COMA 104 Class) Spanish Influence on Language, Culture, and Philippine History. Spanish Made easy for Filipinos. 26 September 2011.